VIDEO ABOUT WIND TURBINE ENERGY

Picture of wind turbine energy in Pulau Perhentian

RESEARCH DONE ABOUT WIND TURBINE ENERGY

1. Pulau Perhentian

• Malaysia has two different main season weather season which is the southwest monsoon(May/June-September) and northeast monsoon (November- March). Overall, Malaysia experience low speed wind and only certain areas experiencing strong wind.Wind speed during the southwest monsoon are below 7m/s while during the northeast monsoon, wind speed could reach up to 15m/s especially in the east coast Peninsular Malaysia. Moreover, during April to September, the effect from typhoons striking neighbouring countries such as Philipines may cause strong winds( even exceeding 10 m/s) to Sabah and Sarawak.

• Research was done on Perhentian Island which is located at the East Coast Malaysia by a team from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia in partnership with Universiti Putra Malaysia and NEB Energy Services Malaysia. Aside from the success that use 15KW of wind turbine in Terumbu Layang Layang which was also done by a team from UKM in year 2005, this project is the first to be installed in the island which is off the East Coast. The objective of this project was to provide a reliable souarce to generate electricity so that the people in Pulau Perhentian can use it.

FIGURE 1: The map of Malaysia showing the location of Pulau Perhentian

• Based on research done by NEB and UKM, an average monthly wind speed was recorded 2003 to 2005. The wind data that is shown in table 1.This project uses 2 units of 100 KW(mechanical output) wind turbine.

TABLE 1: show average monthly wind speed m/s recorded from year 2003-2005

WIND TURBINE IN PULAU PERHENTIAN

• For the purpose of this paper an analysis of the performance made on the 23 rd of march 2008.On that day the wind turbine and the solar energy were in the performance as the wind turbine will only function with the wind speed  between 5 m/s and 15 m/s. If the wind speed isless than 5 m/s the blade will not moving and the blade will be automatically stop if the wind speed is more than 15 m/s. The data recorded shown that both wind turbine (WT 1 and WT 2) produce 18 KW each. Meanwhile the solar PV produce 39 KW. Total energy produce by RE farm is 75 KW. It was also noted that the site load requirement on that day is 71 KW. Therefore there is and access of 4KW which will be stored in the battery. Therefore the energy produce by the two wind turbine will fulfil about 50 % of load required with the average wind speed of 7.26 m/s.

   2.  SABAH

• Based on Daily Express Newspaper online(2012), Sabah has the potential using wind turbine as an alternatives renewable energy source by using vertical axis wind turbine pilot. Wan Mohd Rashdan, Pernec Advertising and Media Department Head said that aside from Terengganu , Sabah has the right geographic factors to generate enough wind for the wind turbine. The Sabah Electricity Sdn. Bhd (SESB) said that they were interested in the method using a vertical axis wind turbine pilot. Wan also explained that the wind turbine produce low noise and can generate a capacity between 300 W and 25 KW which is suitable for windy and coastal areas or island

          3,Research from a group of UTM

             The research group from UTM made  a research in certain town to find out the wind speed in      few areas. They requested an overall wind speed data for several towns all over Malaysia from the      Malaysian Department of Meteorology. These data were from

     1989 to 2008 (20 years), and in addition to them From the analyses made, Malaysia

     experiences stronger winds in the early and late parts of the year. On the whole,

      Malaysia’s mean annual wind speed is 1.8 m/s. However, towns in the east coast of

Peninsular Malaysia such as Mersing, Kota Baharu, and Kuala Terengganu

experience stronger winds. For these places, their mean monthly wind speed could

exceed 3 m/s. East Malaysian towns, Kota Kinabalu and Labuan (with the exception

of Kuching) also see stronger wind speeds than the national average.

Figure 1: Mean monthly wind speed for several towns in Malaysia, 1989-2008.

Figure 2: Mean monthly wind speed for several towns in Malaysia, 1989-2008.

The assumption here is to round up the mean wind speed of Malaysia to 2 m/s. This

is the national average of wind speed which is at 2 m height above ground. Roughly,

doubling the height increases wind speed by 10%. Since a typical wind turbine is 32

m above ground, this means the average wind speed at the height of 32 m above

ground will be nearly 3 m/s.



According to Tenaga Nasional between 500 to 2000 MW worth of electricity could be
generated from wind energy in Malaysia (meeting between 3.5 to 14% of the
expected demand in electricity by 2020) . They further reported there are areas
such as the Malaysian-Thailand border which see wind speeds up to 15 m/s.

WIND TURBINE ENERGY in MALAYSIA

Example of wind turbine energy

WHAT IS WIND TURBINE ENERGY

• Wind turbines is a device to convert the kinetic energy in the wind into mechanical power. This mechanical power can be used for specific tasks (such as grinding grain or pumping water) or a generator can convert this mechanical power into electricity.

HOW WIND TURBINE ENERGY WORK

• Wind power involves converting wind energy into electricity by using wind turbines. A wind turbine is composed of 3 propellers-like blades called a rotor. The rotor is attached to a tall tower. The tower looks like a very tall pole. On average wind towers are about 20m high. The reason why the tower is so tall is because winds are stronger higher from the ground. Wind comes from atmospheric changes, changes in temperature and pressure makes the air move around the surface of the earth; all of which is triggered by the sun. So in a way, wind energy is another form of solar power. A wind turbine captures the wind to produce energy. The wind makes the rotor spin; as the rotor spins, the movement of the blades spinning gives power to a generator which makes energy. The motion of the wind turbine turning is called kinetic energy, this power is converted into electricity.
  
  

EXAMPLE OF WIND TURBINE MECHANISM

A typical wind turbine consists of the following components:

• The Tower

              Towers are mostly cylindrical, made of steel, painted light grey, and from 25 to 75 metres in height .               

• Rotor Blades

Wind turbines can have from one to three rotor blades, made of fibreglass-reinforced polyester or wood-epoxy.  The blades are usually between 30 and 80 metres in diameter. The longer the blades, the greater the energy output. They rotate at 10-30 revolutions per minute at constant speed, although an increasing number of machines operate at a variable speed. The blades can be rotated to change the pitch angle and modify power output.

• The Yaw Mechanism

The yaw mechanism turns the turbine to face the wind.

• Wind Speed & Direction Monitor

Sensors are used to monitor wind direction and the tower head is turned to line up with the wind. Power is controlled automatically as wind speed varies and machines are stopped at very high wind speeds to protect them from damage.

• The Gear Box

Most wind turbines have gearboxes, although there are increasing numbers with direct drives.